Tarmacadam is a road surfacing material made by combining macadam surfaces, tar, and sand, invented by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam in the early 1800s and patented by Welsh inventor Edgar Purnell Hooley in 1902. The terms 'tarmacadam' and tarmac are also used for a variety of other materials, including tar-grouted macadam, bituminous surface treatments, and modern asphalt concrete. OS X's tar uses the AppleDouble format to store extended attributes and ACLs. Tar and Archive Utility also know how to convert the. files back to the native formats, but the. files are kept if the archive is extracted on another platform or on a non-HFS volume. You can usually just tell tar to remove the metadata by setting COPYFILEDISABLE to some value. Mac OS X desktop information cache, created if a remote Mac OS X system accesses a writable Windows file share. Removal actions. The installer can remove or retain the folder during product removal. Remove action Description; Do not remove: The folder is left as-is. Stack Overflow Public questions and answers; Teams Private questions and answers for your team; Enterprise Private self-hosted questions and answers for your enterprise; Jobs Programming and related technical career opportunities; Talent Hire technical talent; Advertising Reach developers worldwide.
| Developer(s) | Apple Inc. |
|---|---|
| Operating system | macOS |
| Platform | ARM64, x86-64, IA-32, PowerPC |
| Type | Terminal emulator |
| Website | www.apple.com/macosx/features/unix/ |
Terminal (Terminal.app) is the terminal emulator included in the macOSoperating system by Apple.[1] Terminal originated in NeXTSTEP and OPENSTEP, the predecessor operating systems of macOS.[2]
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As a terminal emulator, the application provides text-based access to the operating system, in contrast to the mostly graphical nature of the user experience of macOS, by providing a command-line interface to the operating system when used in conjunction with a Unix shell, such as zsh (the default shell in macOS Catalina[3]).[4] The user can choose other shells available with macOS, such as the KornShell, tcsh, and bash.[4][5]
The preferences dialog for Terminal.app in OS X 10.8 (Mountain Lion) and later offers choices for values of the TERM environment variable. Available options are ansi, dtterm, nsterm, rxvt, vt52, vt100, vt102, xterm, xterm-16color and xterm-256color, which differ from the OS X 10.5 (Leopard) choices by dropping the xterm-color and adding xterm-16color and xterm-256color. These settings do not alter the operation of Terminal, and the xterm settings do not match the behavior of xterm.[6]
Terminal includes several features that specifically access macOS APIs and features. These include the ability to use the standard macOS Help search function to find manual pages and integration with Spotlight.[citation needed] Terminal was used by Apple as a showcase for macOS graphics APIs in early advertising of Mac OS X,[citation needed] offering a range of custom font and coloring options, including transparent backgrounds.
See also[edit]
- iTerm2, GPL-licensed terminal emulator for macOS
- Terminator, open-source terminal emulator programmed in Java
References[edit]
- ^'What Is Mac OS X - All Applications and Utilities - Terminal'. Apple Inc. Archived from the original on May 10, 2013.
- ^Wünschiers, Röbbe (January 1, 2004). Computational Biology: Unix/Linux, data processing and programming : with 19 figures and 12 tables. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN9783540211426.
- ^'Use zsh as the default shell on your Mac'. Apple Support. Retrieved January 18, 2020.
- ^ abMcElhearn, Kirk (December 26, 2006). The Mac OS X Command Line: Unix Under the Hood. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN9780470113851.
- ^Kissell, Joe (January 1, 2009). Take Control of the Mac Command Line with Terminal. TidBITS Publishing, Inc. ISBN9781933671550.
- ^'nsterm - AppKit Terminal.app', terminfo.src, retrieved June 7, 2013
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to Terminal (macOS). |
Tarmacadam is a road surfacing material made by combining macadam surfaces,[1]tar, and sand, invented by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam in the early 1800s and patented by Welsh inventor Edgar Purnell Hooley in 1902. The terms 'tarmacadam' and tarmac are also used for a variety of other materials, including tar-groutedmacadam, bituminous surface treatments, and modern asphalt concrete. The term is also often colloquially used to describe airport aprons (also referred to as 'ramps'), taxiways, and runways regardless of the surface.
Origins[edit]
Pioneered by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam in the 1820s, macadam roads are prone to rutting and generating dust. Methods to stabilize macadam surfaces with tar date back to at least 1834 when John Henry Cassell, operating from Cassell's Patent Lava Stone Works in Millwall, patented 'lava stone'.[2] This method involved spreading tar on the subgrade, placing a typical macadam layer, and finally sealing the macadam with a mixture of tar and sand. Tar-grouted macadam was in use well before 1900, and involved scarifying the surface of an existing macadam pavement, spreading tar, and re-compacting. Although the use of tar in road construction was known in the 19th century, it was little used and was not introduced on a large scale until the motorcar arrived on the scene in the early 20th century.
In 1901, Edgar Purnell Hooley was walking in Denby, Derbyshire, when he noticed a smooth stretch of road close to an ironworks. He was informed that a barrel of tar had fallen onto the road, and someone poured waste slag from the nearby furnaces to cover up the mess.[3] Hooley noticed this unintentional resurfacing had solidified the road, and there was no rutting and no dust.[3] Hooley's 1902 patent for tarmac involved mechanically mixing tar and aggregate before lay-down, and then compacting the mixture with a steamroller. The tar was modified by adding small amounts of Portland cement, resin, and pitch.[4]Nottingham's Radcliffe Road became the first tarmac road in the world.[3]
In 1903 Hooley formed Tar Macadam Syndicate Ltd and registered tarmac as a trademark.[3]
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Later developments[edit]
As petroleum production increased, the by-product bitumen became available in greater quantities and largely supplanted coal tar. Hideous solitaire mac os. The Macadam construction process quickly became obsolete because of its onerous and impractical manual labour requirement; however, the somewhat similar tar and chip method, also known as (bituminous) surface treatment (BST) or 'chip-seal', remains popular.
While the specific tarmac pavement is not common in some countries today, many people use the word to refer to generic paved areas at airports,[5] especially the apron near airport terminals,[6] although these areas are often made of concrete. Similarly in the UK, the word tarmac is much more commonly used by the public when referring to asphalt concrete.
See also[edit]
- History of road transport – covers the development of road-building techniques
References[edit]
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- ^'Coloured Tarmacadam'. www.colouredtarmacadam.co.uk. Retrieved 2020-11-25.
- ^From: 'Northern Millwall: Tooke Town', Survey of London: volumes 43 and 44: Poplar, Blackwall and Isle of Dogs (1994), pp. 423–433 Date accessed: 24 May 2009
- ^ abcd'The man who invented Tarmac'. BBC. 24 December 2016.
- ^Hooley, E. Purnell, U.S. Patent 765,975, 'Apparatus for the preparation of tar macadam', July 26, 1904
- ^'Tarmac, n'. Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. June 2011.
- ^'Has tarmac become a generic trademark?'. genericides.org. Retrieved February 17, 2021.
External links[edit]
- The dictionary definition of tarmacadam at Wiktionary
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Terminal includes several features that specifically access macOS APIs and features. These include the ability to use the standard macOS Help search function to find manual pages and integration with Spotlight.[citation needed] Terminal was used by Apple as a showcase for macOS graphics APIs in early advertising of Mac OS X,[citation needed] offering a range of custom font and coloring options, including transparent backgrounds.
See also[edit]
- iTerm2, GPL-licensed terminal emulator for macOS
- Terminator, open-source terminal emulator programmed in Java
References[edit]
- ^'What Is Mac OS X - All Applications and Utilities - Terminal'. Apple Inc. Archived from the original on May 10, 2013.
- ^Wünschiers, Röbbe (January 1, 2004). Computational Biology: Unix/Linux, data processing and programming : with 19 figures and 12 tables. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN9783540211426.
- ^'Use zsh as the default shell on your Mac'. Apple Support. Retrieved January 18, 2020.
- ^ abMcElhearn, Kirk (December 26, 2006). The Mac OS X Command Line: Unix Under the Hood. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN9780470113851.
- ^Kissell, Joe (January 1, 2009). Take Control of the Mac Command Line with Terminal. TidBITS Publishing, Inc. ISBN9781933671550.
- ^'nsterm - AppKit Terminal.app', terminfo.src, retrieved June 7, 2013
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to Terminal (macOS). |
Tarmacadam is a road surfacing material made by combining macadam surfaces,[1]tar, and sand, invented by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam in the early 1800s and patented by Welsh inventor Edgar Purnell Hooley in 1902. The terms 'tarmacadam' and tarmac are also used for a variety of other materials, including tar-groutedmacadam, bituminous surface treatments, and modern asphalt concrete. The term is also often colloquially used to describe airport aprons (also referred to as 'ramps'), taxiways, and runways regardless of the surface.
Origins[edit]
Pioneered by Scottish engineer John Loudon McAdam in the 1820s, macadam roads are prone to rutting and generating dust. Methods to stabilize macadam surfaces with tar date back to at least 1834 when John Henry Cassell, operating from Cassell's Patent Lava Stone Works in Millwall, patented 'lava stone'.[2] This method involved spreading tar on the subgrade, placing a typical macadam layer, and finally sealing the macadam with a mixture of tar and sand. Tar-grouted macadam was in use well before 1900, and involved scarifying the surface of an existing macadam pavement, spreading tar, and re-compacting. Although the use of tar in road construction was known in the 19th century, it was little used and was not introduced on a large scale until the motorcar arrived on the scene in the early 20th century.
In 1901, Edgar Purnell Hooley was walking in Denby, Derbyshire, when he noticed a smooth stretch of road close to an ironworks. He was informed that a barrel of tar had fallen onto the road, and someone poured waste slag from the nearby furnaces to cover up the mess.[3] Hooley noticed this unintentional resurfacing had solidified the road, and there was no rutting and no dust.[3] Hooley's 1902 patent for tarmac involved mechanically mixing tar and aggregate before lay-down, and then compacting the mixture with a steamroller. The tar was modified by adding small amounts of Portland cement, resin, and pitch.[4]Nottingham's Radcliffe Road became the first tarmac road in the world.[3]
In 1903 Hooley formed Tar Macadam Syndicate Ltd and registered tarmac as a trademark.[3]
Paranormal Mac Os Catalina
Later developments[edit]
As petroleum production increased, the by-product bitumen became available in greater quantities and largely supplanted coal tar. Hideous solitaire mac os. The Macadam construction process quickly became obsolete because of its onerous and impractical manual labour requirement; however, the somewhat similar tar and chip method, also known as (bituminous) surface treatment (BST) or 'chip-seal', remains popular.
While the specific tarmac pavement is not common in some countries today, many people use the word to refer to generic paved areas at airports,[5] especially the apron near airport terminals,[6] although these areas are often made of concrete. Similarly in the UK, the word tarmac is much more commonly used by the public when referring to asphalt concrete.
See also[edit]
- History of road transport – covers the development of road-building techniques
References[edit]
Paranormal Mac Os Download
- ^'Coloured Tarmacadam'. www.colouredtarmacadam.co.uk. Retrieved 2020-11-25.
- ^From: 'Northern Millwall: Tooke Town', Survey of London: volumes 43 and 44: Poplar, Blackwall and Isle of Dogs (1994), pp. 423–433 Date accessed: 24 May 2009
- ^ abcd'The man who invented Tarmac'. BBC. 24 December 2016.
- ^Hooley, E. Purnell, U.S. Patent 765,975, 'Apparatus for the preparation of tar macadam', July 26, 1904
- ^'Tarmac, n'. Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. June 2011.
- ^'Has tarmac become a generic trademark?'. genericides.org. Retrieved February 17, 2021.
External links[edit]
- The dictionary definition of tarmacadam at Wiktionary
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